IACCR国际培训班第五课来袭——疫情中的公共卫生服务与心理服务（上）

IACCR国际培训班第五课来袭——疫情中的公共卫生服务与心理服务（上）

IACCR国际培训班第五讲课程于今日上午9:00准时开课，学员们热情高涨 ，直播课现场气氛活跃。

本期课程主要围绕“疫情中的公共卫生服务”。公共卫生因人类病苦而诞生，为所有人健康而立命，在社会危难时刻壮大，这是公共卫生最简明的历史。本期课程的特邀授课专家将会带我们了解有关后疫情时代的公共卫生内容，一起往下看吧。

嘉宾介绍

杨淑娟：四川大学流行病与卫生统计学专业博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向:从事传染病、环境以及全生命周期流行病学健康大数据分析等研究领域的工作。国际空间健康研究中心联合主任，四川省卫健委学术技术带头人后备人选，四川省“十四五“卫生健康规划编制工作专家委员会委员，四川省第四轮全国艾滋病综合防治示范区技术指导专家组，四川省性教育协会理事。

内容介绍

杨淑娟教授为我们带来的主题分享是“后疫情时代的公共卫生”。时代将以新冠疫情划分：疫情后时代，因为中国的公共卫生体系使得中国国际地位是上升了，中国离民族复兴的时间是更近了。

一、公共卫生就是我们作为一个社会为保障人人健康的各种条件所采取的集体行动。

随着工业革命的到来，工业化和城市化进程加快，环境污染加剧，导致伤寒、霍乱、痢疾等疾病流行，从而促进了公共卫生的建立与发展。杨淑娟教授提到早期的西方国家主要通过：

①改善劳动条件、防治职业病发生------劳动卫生、职业卫生、职业医学。

②改善营养不良和营养缺乏症------营养与食品卫生。

③以人为本，全方位研究关怀生老病死------预防保健、围产医学、妇幼保健、学校卫生、老年保健等。来预防和治理公共卫生。

二、公共卫生的三级预防

杨淑娟教授还介绍到公共卫生有着从源头控制健康危险因素；减少发病、延缓重病；增加上游健康人群，减少下游疾病人群等重要功能。

①第一级预防：指针对病因所采取的预防措施：改善环境；增进健康。

②第二级预防：在疾病的临床前期做好早期发现、早期诊断、早期治疗（三早），以控制疾病的发展和恶化，防止疾病的复发或转化为慢性。

③第三级预防：又称临床预防

（1）对已患某些病者，采取及时的、有效的治疗措施，防止病情恶化，预防并发症和伤残；

（2）对已丧失劳动能力或残废者，主要促使功能恢复、心理康复，进行家庭护理指导，使病人尽量恢复生活和劳动能力，并能参加社会活动及延长寿命

新冠肺炎疫情再次表明，人类是一个休戚与共的命运共同体。国际社会应该守望相助、同舟共济。我们愿同世界卫生组织及各国一道，为维护全球公共卫生安全作出贡献。

The Fifth Lecture of IACCR on Public Health and Psychological Services in COVID-19 (PART 1)   

The fifth lecture of IACCR International Training Class started timely at 9:00 a.m. today, whose students were so enthusiastic that the atmosphere of the live class was active.   

The course focuses on the theme of "public health services in the epidemic". It is widely acknowledged that the origin of the public health is related to human sufferings, and it aims at the fitness of all as well as its growing functioning when faced with social distress. Our guest lecturer of the course will make an introduction on the public health in the post-pandemic era, as is shown below.

Introduction of the Guest

Yang Shujuan: Doctor, Associate Professor and Master Supervisor of Epidemiology and Health Statistics of Sichuan University, whose research is oriented at the research work such as big data analysis of infectious diseases, environment and full life-cycle epidemiological health. Co-director of International Space Health Research Center as well as candidate of Academic and Technical Leader of Sichuan Provincial Health Commission; member of the Preparing Expert Committee of Sichuan 14^th Five-year Health Plan; member of the technical guidance expert group of the 4^th round of national comprehensive AIDS prevention and control demonstration area of Sichuan province; Director of the Sex Education Association of Sichuan Province.

Content

Professor Yang Shujuan talks about the theme of “Public Health in the Post-epidemic Era”. It is well-known that the post-epidemic era is divided based on COVID-19. China's public health system enables us to raise our international status. Therefore, our country brings itself closer to national rejuvenation.   

I. Public health is born because of our collective actions within the society to ensure the health conditions for all.   

With the advent of the Industrial Revolution, the process of industrialization and urbanization has been accelerated, and environmental pollution has worsened, leading to such epidemics as typhoid, cholera, dysentery and other diseases, thus promoting the establishment and development of public health. Professor Yang Shujuan mentioned that in the earlier times some western countries implement some measures as follows:   

1. Improve working conditions to prevent the occurrence of occupational diseases—involving labor health, occupational health and occupational medicine.

2. Improve malnutrition and nutritional deficiency—involving nutrition and food hygiene.

3. Attach importance to people-oriented criterion and implement the research upon the comprehensive care for life and death—involving prevention and healthcare, perinatal medicine, maternal and child healthcare, school healthcare, geriatric healthcare and other fields, so as to prevent and manage public health.

II. Three levels of public health prevention

Professor Yang Shujuan also referred that public health can play a role in controlling risky factors of health from the source, reducing the incidence rate and delay the occurrence rate of serious diseases, increasing the ratio of healthy groups, and reducing the disease population.   

1. The first level of prevention: take preventive measures to deal with the causes of diseases, aiming to improve the environment and people’s helath.

2. The second level of prevention: strive for early detection, diagnosis and treatment in the pre-clinical stage of diseases to curb the development and deterioration of diseases and to prevent the recurrence or the transformation into chronic ones.   

3. The third level of prevention: also known as the clinical prevention:   

(1) For those who have suffered from some diseases: take timely and effective therapeutic measures for the purpose of preventing the deterioration, complications and disabilities;   

(2) For those who have lost their labor abilities or who are disabled: basically promote their functional recoveries and psychological rehabilitation, and undertake family-nursing guidance, so as to help them restore life and labor abilities to the largest extent, participate in social activities and prolong life.   

The outbreak of COVID-19 has once again demonstrated that the whole mankind is a community with a shared future full of joys and sorrows. The international community should help each other get over troubles. China is willing to work with WHO and other countries to make contributions to global public health and security.